Understand the difference between psychological and sociological theories of self-development. Explain the process of moral development. When we are born, we have a genetic makeup and biological traits. However, who we are as human beings develops through social interaction. Many scholars, both in the fields of psychology and in sociology, have described the process of self-development as a Introduction. A personal development plan is one of the most effective tools for students and professionals who want to achieve excellence in their respective fields. It uses the concept of reflection to enable one keep track of the steps he has made towards acquiring skills and knowledge. It enables one to monitor the life changes required to be made and the weak spots required to be improved My journey of self-development has taken scale on a variety of experiences. As a child, I was always withdrawn, almost as if I was in my own world entirely. I tried my hardest to become extroverted, but overtime problems arose with my speech and social anxiety
Self management for personal development | blogger.com
When we are born, we have a genetic makeup and biological traits. However, who we are as human beings develops through social interaction. Psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud — was one of the most influential modern self development essay to put forth a theory about how people develop a sense of self. He believed that personality and sexual development were closely linked, and he divided the maturation process into psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
According to Freud, failure to properly engage in or disengage from a specific stage results in emotional and psychological consequences throughout adulthood. An adult with an oral fixation may indulge in overeating or binge drinking.
You might be wondering: if sociologists and psychologists are both interested in people and their behavior, how are these two disciplines different? What do they self development essay on, and where do their ideas diverge? The answers are complicated, but the distinction is important to scholars in both fields. As a general difference, we might say that while both disciplines are interested in human behavior, psychologists are focused on how the mind influences that behavior, while sociologists study the role of society in shaping behavior.
Another way to think of the difference is that psychologists tend to look inward mental health, self development essay, emotional processeswhile sociologists tend to look outward social institutions, cultural norms, interactions with others to understand human behavior.
Émile Durkheim — was the first to make this distinction in research, when he attributed differences in suicide rates among people to social causes religious differences rather than to psychological causes like their mental wellbeing Durkheim Today, we see this same distinction. For example, a sociologist studying how a couple gets to the point of their first kiss on a date might focus her research on cultural norms for dating, social patterns of sexual activity over time, or how this process is different for seniors than for teens.
Sometimes sociologists and psychologists have collaborated to increase knowledge, self development essay. In recent decades, however, their fields have become more clearly separated as sociologists increasingly focus on large societal issues and patterns, while psychologists remain honed in on the human mind.
Both disciplines make valuable contributions through different approaches that provide us with different types of useful insights. Psychologist Erik Erikson — created a theory of personality development based, in part, on the work of Freud, self development essay. However, Erikson believed the personality continued to change over time and was never truly finished.
His theory includes eight stages of development, beginning with birth and ending with death. According to Erikson, people move through these stages throughout their lives. Jean Piaget — was a psychologist who specialized in child development who focused self development essay on the role of social interactions in their development.
All three of these thinkers have contributed to our modern understanding of self-development. One of the pioneering contributors to sociological perspectives was Charles Cooley — During the preparatory stage, children are only capable of imitation: they have no ability to imagine how others see things.
They copy the actions of people with whom they regularly interact, such as their mothers and fathers. This is followed by the play stage, during which children begin to take on the role that one other person might have. During the game stage, children learn to consider several roles at the same time and how those roles interact with each other. They learn to understand interactions involving different people with a variety of purposes.
For example, a child at this stage is likely to be aware of the different responsibilities of people in a restaurant who together make for a smooth dining experience someone seats you, another takes your order, someone else cooks the food, self development essay, while yet another clears away dirty dishes.
Finally, children develop, understand, and learn the idea of the generalized otherthe common behavioral expectations of general society, self development essay. Moral development is an important part of the socialization process. Moral development prevents people from acting on unchecked urges, instead considering what is self development essay for society and good for others.
Lawrence Kohlberg — was interested in how people learn to decide what is right and what is wrong. To understand this topic, he developed a theory of moral development that includes three levels: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. In the preconventional stage, self development essay, young children, who lack a higher level of cognitive ability, experience the world around them only self development essay their senses.
At this stage, people also recognize that legality and morality do not always match up evenly Kohlberg When hundreds of thousands of Egyptians turned out in to protest government corruption, they were using postconventional morality.
They understood that although their government self development essay legal, self development essay, it was not morally correct. Would females study subjects have responded differently? Would a female social scientist notice different patterns when analyzing the research? To answer the first question, she set out to study differences between how boys and girls developed morality. Boys tend to have a justice perspective, by placing emphasis on rules and laws. Ultimately, she explained that boys are socialized for a work environment where rules make operations run smoothly, while girls are socialized for a home environment self development essay flexibility allows for harmony in caretaking and nurturing Gilligan ; Gilligan According to Lisa Bloom, author of Think: Straight Talk for Women to Stay Smart in a Dumbed Down Worldmost of us use pleasantries like these when we first meet little girls.
Bloom asserts that we are too focused on the appearance of young girls, and as a result, our society is socializing them to believe that how they look is of vital importance. And Bloom may be on to something. How often do you tell a little boy how self development essay his outfit is, how nice looking his shoes are, or how handsome he looks today?
To support her assertions, Bloom cites, as one example, that about 50 percent of girls ages three to six worry about being fat Bloom Sociologists are acutely interested in of this type of gender socialization, by which societal expectations of how boys and girls should be —how they should behave, what toys and colors they should like, self development essay, and how important their attire is—are reinforced.
One solution to this type of gender socialization is being experimented with at the Egalia preschool in Sweden, self development essay, where children develop in a genderless environment. So what is the middle ground? Bloom suggests that we start with simple steps: when introduced to a young girl, ask about her favorite book or what she likes.
In short, engage with her mind … not her outward appearance Bloom Psychological theories of self-development have been broadened by sociologists who explicitly study the role of society and social interaction in self-development. Charles Cooley and George Mead both contributed significantly to the sociological understanding of the development of self. Lawrence Self development essay and Carol Gilligan developed their ideas further and researched how our sense of morality develops.
Lawrence Kohlberg was most famous for his research using moral dilemmas. He presented dilemmas to boys and asked them how they would judge the situations. Cooley, self development essay, Charles Horton. Bloom, Lisa. Erikson, Erik. The Lifecycle Completed: A Review, self development essay. New York: Norton. Durkheim, Émile. London: Routledge. Freud, Sigmund. Three Essays on Theories of Sexuality. New York: Basic Books. Gilligan, Carol. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Making Connections: The Relational Worlds of Adolescent Girls at Emma Willard School. Haney, Phil. Harlow, Harry F. Learning to Love. New York: Ballantine. Kohlberg, Lawrence. The Psychology of Moral Development: The Nature and Validity of Moral Stages. New York: Harper and Row.
Mead, George H. Mind, Self and Societyedited self development essay C. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. On Social Psychologyself development essay, edited by A. Piaget, Jean. The Construction of Reality in the Child. Skip to main content. Search for:. Theories of Self-Development Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Understand the difference between psychological and sociological theories of self-development Explain the process of moral development.
What a Self development essay Little Lady! Summary Psychological theories of self-development have been broadened by sociologists who self development essay study the role of society and social interaction in self-development, self development essay. Short Answer Think of a current issue or pattern that a sociologist might study.
What types of questions would the sociologist ask, self development essay, and what research methods might he employ? Now consider the questions and methods a psychologist might use to study the same issue. Comment on their different approaches, self development essay. What sociological topics might show gender differences? Provide some examples to illustrate your ideas, self development essay. Licenses and Attributions.
CC licensed content, Shared previously.
Module 3: Self Assessment
, time: 6:28Theories of Self-Development | Introduction to Sociology
Development of Self Essay. Words3 Pages. Development of Self. The development of self starts at a very young age. When a preschooler is asked how are they different from other children, they usually look at their self concept. Self concept is their identity, of Introduction. A personal development plan is one of the most effective tools for students and professionals who want to achieve excellence in their respective fields. It uses the concept of reflection to enable one keep track of the steps he has made towards acquiring skills and knowledge. It enables one to monitor the life changes required to be made and the weak spots required to be improved Self management for personal development Essay Sample The ability to manage oneself is Self Management. It is very important for the development of an individual. Self management skill is very essential for person in order to attain success in both personal life as well as professional life
No comments:
Post a Comment